On Layton: The View from My Front Porch
Wednesday, December 4, 2024
Saturday, January 7, 2023
A Birthday Remembered
Reading through old files on my computer today, I came across this piece written around the time of my birthday while living in China.
Remembering that birthday in China from the comfort of my American living room has been a delight. I've chuckled throughout the remembrance, reassured myself that I could only do it because I was young, and wondered about the current status of restaurants, drains, and heating in China. Please come to my party and enjoy this sweet birthday memory with me.
January 14, 2002
Inner City Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Dear family and friends,
The year clicked over to 2002, and the Chinese population automatically upped their ages by one year. At least that is how one friend explained it to me. January first is the universal birthday. The Chinese are masters of keeping everyone on the same page. For instance, even though the country extends further east to west than the United States, there is only one time zone which in America would mean it’s the same time in New York City as it is in Los Angeles. So in true socialist fashion, on January 1st they all moved up a year.
In fact, this birthday thing is even more interesting because many Chinese gauge their birthday from conception, so on the day they leave their mother’s womb and enter the world, they are already one year old, or thereabouts. When someone mentions age, I wonder—is that really how old you are? Or is your age from conception? Or is that the January 1st universal birthday? The Chinese are an enigmatic and mystifying people.
I had to wait a week until January 8th to click up a year, too. I was actually born into the world on the 8th, and my parents began counting my age from that date. No mystery there. Despite encroaching age, I feel great, not even one minute of illness in China ... Mao’s Revenge has skipped me. That in itself is a miracle, considering sanitary conditions. Consider, for example, these two examples.
The Chinese have a disconcerting habit that makes me shiver and quicken my pace, in one direction or another when walking through the city. I call it the “Chinese national anthem.” It can be heard at any hour of the day, in any place, at any time ... restaurant, bus, theater, close quarters ... and it results with most foreigners, at least, coming to focused attention. The anthem is about to begin when a person coughs a bit and then starts to roll that cough out of their lungs up through their throat at which point (I never look)...I hustle as fast as I can away from the inevitable end of this guttural emptying of the saliva glands. I’ve never been hit, but there have been a few close ones. Bikers are the most dangerous. They pass at a clip with the wind in their faces, and an unsuspecting pedestrian can really get an eyeful. When I was a child I played that sidewalk game, “step on the crack, break someone’s back.” Well, the game here is hop, skip, and jump around the heaps of sputum on the sidewalk. Hence, the custom of removing your shoes whenever you enter a house. Everyone, always, removes shoes at the door. The sputum and shoe removal make for plenty of local color.
The second sanitary problem has to do with rodents of which there appear to be a small nation. Now, I have a cat, Oreo, back in Pennsylvania whom I treasure. He’s fat, sassy, and loves a good romp after critters in the backyard, but I wouldn’t want to see that prize feline tangle with these fellows. They have taken over the country and are currently vying with the ruling politburo for control. I was in a tea house the other day, and one strolled, not ran or sought cover, he literally sauntered past our table in the middle of the floor. No scurrying along the wall for these brutes.
Our trash heap behind my apartment building is just that... a heap. No dumpster. So it attracts its share of rodents, but the real heartbreaker was finding out that my favorite restaurant, the local greasy spoon of the neighborhood where I dine at least twice a week because it reminds me of a Chinese version of our Clarks Summit Gourmet Diner, hosts a variety of these long nosed, long tailed patrons on a regular basis. Hence, another custom and often repeated mantra from the Chinese, “If food drops on the table from your chopsticks, leave it there.” Easy for them to say. Most of what they eat with chopsticks makes it to their mouths. I could go hungry.
So my fifty-third birthday finds me healthy but evidently aging. One of my young Chinese teacher friends has adopted the title “Jo Ann’s Chinese Son,” and the faculty refers to him in that way. Daniel has been my translator and right hand man. He’s the guy I call for emergencies if Ming Guan, my neighbor, isn’t around. One day I had a spider in my apartment. Spider is a gentle term for this creature whose span appeared to dwarf a human hand and its exterior was black and furry. I had no doubt of how he gained entrance. The plumbing from the sink in the bathroom falls directly, straight as an arrow to the sewer, covered only by flagstones, which runs along the street. All any self-respecting spider from the street sewer has to do is walk up the pipe. I gained a new appreciation for those crooked neck pipes under our sinks at home. The children’s ditty “the itsy bitsy spider crawled up the water spout” has taken on new meaning. So this Charlotte roamed up and down the walls of my apartment. I made no attempts to swat her with my towel or throw a shoe at her, fearing retribution. Instead, I called my knight in shining spectacles, Sir Daniel, who knocked him on the floor and slammed a book on him, creating a mess beyond civil description.
Anyway, Daniel gave me a lovely Christmas/birthday gift ... long underwear. When I gently probed the reason for this intimate gift, he said that if I am his Americna mother, he should give me what he would give his own mother ... something to keep her warm in winter. Nothing shows love here more than long underwear on a cold day in China..
Without central heating things can get nippy. Another of those famous unwritten Chinese rules is that only homes north of the Yellow River are heated. Everything south of the river is unheated ... no matter how cold it gets. It’s the rule. My best reading time happens when I crawl into bed at night, but in the winter in southern China when I crawled under the covers for warmth to read, the heat of my body and the cold of the air worked together to fog up my glasses, and my breath formed a cloud around my head. No reading in bed in winter.
Despite cold temperatures, the Chinese have this thing about “bad air.” The temperature might be 40 degrees Fahrenheit near the East China Sea in mid-winter, but the windows must be kept open. Every room of the school has its window open, rain or cold. In fact, we teach and the children learn with coats and gloves on and a wind whistling through, but we’ve blown out that bad air. Even the taxi drivers zip around town in cold weather with the windows rolled all the way down. Now, if you ever visit my home in mid-winter, you know I have a fireplace and room temperatures that have made visiting Jamaicans break out in a sweat. The other day I got in a taxi, and the windows were up! I took a closer look at the driver to make sure that he was really Chinese. He was. Not only that, he had the heat blasting. I curled my toes up to the dashboard, and I was tempted to say, “Just ride me around town, honey, until I warm up.” What a birthday treat! Maybe he has a thyroid problem too.
Besides adding another year to my age, I crossed some kind of line with language. For seven months now I have been deaf and mute in a country whose tongue I have been helpless to discern. Mrs. Chen, the school’s gatekeeper, and I have a lovely relationship of waving arms and pantomine. Whenever I leave the school grounds, she and I go into our friendly gyrations which communicate something while we both jabber away in our own language. The other day as I was leaving, Mrs. Chen started waving to me, and she said something that ... I UNDERSTOOD! I stopped in my tracks and looked at her, wondering what she had done with my favorite gatekeeper, but it was still Mrs. Chen, and she had asked me (another famous Chinese question), “Where are you going?” We jumped around and hollered some more in that wonderful moment of revelation. Trouble was: I didn’t know how to answer her, except with another pantomine.
The birthday festivities were unforgettable. The girls in my weekly Bible study group know that my favorite Chinese food is dumplings (phonetically, “joutsa”), so they took me to a “joutsa” house, kind of a Chinese version of Perkins Pancakes or Howard Johnson’s with fifty varieties. There were “joutsa” with duck and mushroom, pork and cabbage, shrimp and vegetables, even peaches. A dumpling lover’s heaven. After the dumpling house the Suns from across the hall piled into my apartment with birthday cake and my name written in Chinese characters ... those sweet people.
It’s always blessing upon blessing here, and it’s unquestionable that I am receiving more than I am giving even though I ask the Father daily to make every moment among these dear people count for Him and matter for their eternity.
The school term ends here in one week, and then the nation settles down to the serious business of celebrating the Chinese New Year or Spring Festival, the most significant event of their year. Another blessing: my son Bryan and my friend Donna will come here for the holiday. I am so eager to have my two worlds meet and to show Bryan and Donna the wonders of the Middle Kingdom and the work for the Highest Kingdom.
Getting older certainly has its up side.
Remembering fondly all of you who are aging along with me and looking to the ultimate celebration.
Jo Ann
Saturday, March 6, 2021
A Reason to Love America:
America Was Founded and Built
on Faith in God
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776
General George Washington America's First President |
"While we are zealously performing the duties of good citizens and soldiers, we certainly ought not to be inattentive to the higher duties of religion. To the distinguished character of Patriot, it should be our highest glory to add the more distinguished character of Christian."
James Madison Primary Author of the U.S. Constitution America's Fourth President |
"We have staked the whole future of American civilization not on the power of government, far from it. We have staked the future of all of our political institutions upon the capacity of each and all of us to govern ourselves according to the Ten Commandments of God."
Benjamin Franklin A signer of both America's Declaration of Independence and The Constitution. One of the leading theorists of the American Revolution |
"I have lived, Sir, a long time, and the longer I live, the more convincing proofs I see of this truth - that God governs in the affairs of men. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground without his notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without his aid?
Blessed is
the nation whose God is the Lord,
the people He chose for His inheritance.
Psalm 33:12 (NIV)
Sunday, January 24, 2021
Happy New Year - 2021!
Fuzhou Foreign Languages School
Fuzhou, Fujian, China
A New Year's Memory with an
O. Henry Ending
December 31st and January 1st are holidays in America. Not so in China where it's business as usual. School is in session.
But on December 31st, 2001, at the Fuzhou Foreign Languages School in Fuzhou, China, students and faculty took a slightly different approach to the school day by celebrating their "First Foreign Language Festival."
Established by Irish missionaries at the turn of the 20th century, the school had lived through the end of an empire, a civil war, Mao, a Communist take-over and the Cultural Revolution when teachers were often sent off for re-education in the countryside, but the Fuzhou Foreign Languages School had survived. And in 2001-2002 their first native English-speaking American teacher had taken up residence at the school.
Her name was Miss Jones, an easy-to-pronounce English name compared to Mrs. Walczak as she was known in her high school back in Pennsylvania where "Walczak" created pronunciation problems even for the best English speakers.
The "First Foreign Language Festival," Miss Fang's brain child, would cultivate the use of spoken English, encourage a spoken English milieu, and utilize its American teacher. English was one of only four required school subjects because speaking English provided one way up the economic ladder.
Miss Fang |
Dean of the school's English department, Miss Fang oozed creativity. She planned the Festival to be an all-day, all-school event for the 2,000+ students, a way to celebrate the "joys of speaking English" (perhaps a concept needing revival in America). She organized room decorating, games, and song competitions. But the highlight of the day was a two and a half hour show for a packed house at a local cinema just a short walk up the Lu.
If you watched the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics on television, you know the Chinese have a flair for spectacle, drama, and excess in productions that should make the producers of the Super Bowl half-time shows pale.
The Chinese have a flair for performance even in daily morning exercises at school. |
Miss Fang's show featured 20 student and teacher presentations: songs, poems, speeches, dances, and plays. From behind the stage curtain I watched, thoroughly impressed with their creativity and ingenuity. In fact, we weren't past the first number, and I knew I was out of my league. I could speak English, but I couldn't sing like Dolly or dance like Travolta. I would be a woeful disappointment to Miss Fang, my mentor and supervisor.
Machines pumped fog across the stage for a troupe of Japanese kimonoed dancers. Synchronized dance numbers featured fans and banners swinging in rhythm. Sixty ballroom dancers in gowns moved in perfect formation until I was ready to sashay out the back door of the theater and forget I had a part in the performance.
But the everpresent Miss Fang would not let her only native English speaker escape. She was at the door, in my face, and generally everywhere at once. Always smiling and bowing, this in-charge lady was a task master, a workaholic, and a perfectionist, who had become one of my best friends in the four months I had been in her charge. Driven by love for the school and its students, she taught me much about the art of teaching and the joy of serving her school, but this diminutive pack of dynamite had nearly become my nemesis over the last few weeks.
Before Thanksgiving (a thoroughtly American holiday not celebrated in China), I had a call from Miss Fang to report to her office, not an uncommon occurrence.
"Jo Ann, we will be having a Foreign Language Festival at the end of December, and at the Festival I would like you to do two hours of English word games at English Corner in the courtyard, teach the teachers several songs in English to sing at the Festival, and perform a play with your spoken English class."
My stomach churned for a month like the Chinese wringer washer on my apartment balcony.
Some of the Foreign Language School teachers under a bell tower built by the Irish. |
Initially, the music seemed to be the biggest challenge. My only contribution to any choir had been volume not melody. The teachers nixed several songs I chose as too difficult, including "Lean on Me" and "My Favorite Things." My knowledge of contemporary music came to an abrupt halt prior to my child-rearing years in the '70's, so current hits were not on my radar.
Those lovely Chinese teachers did whatever they were told, uncomplainingly. At the Festival they sang their hearts out, but most were too nervous to "smile big" because they were concentrating on remembering the words. Our performance did not take the show by storm, despite Miss Fang's efforts to add excitement by having glitter fall from the rafters during our songs. A surprise to all of us, it served to break the concentration of my Chinese colleagues who promptly forgot the words.
But it was the play that dominated by attention in the month before the Festival. Our American short story writer, O. Henry, appeals to the Chinese for his clever and ironic endings. I rewrote his story "The Policeman and the Anthem" in seven short scenes of easy English. The story is about a homeless man in New York City who, faced with winter cold, tried his hand at a variety of crimes to get himself arrested and sent to a warm jail cell.
Our cast of about 25 students practiced for an hour every day. Most students
One of our policemen and Allen on the right. |
Cherry, our narrator who spoke wonderful English, would become incensed with Allen's garbled English during rehearsals and stop in her recitations to give him the dirtiest looks and rail at him in Chinese. Who knows what she said, but her looks were venomous.
Michael was a "reader," like a Greek chorus role. He turned out to be highly nervous and as the curtain on performance day was rising, he was yelling to me, "How do I say 'Enjoy, enjoy'?"
Our policeman, Vince Carter on the left. |
Vince Carter did a superlative job with his line, "Is there a problem here?" And Jordan's, "What are you doing here?" was convincing, though not entirely discernible.
Steven had a wonderful swagger and gave a hearty laugh on cue, but his "Poor slob!" had too many p's and b's, and it ended up mostly spit.
Disney couldn't get his lines out fast enough. He speaks English at record pace, and he managed to run on stage, spew out his lines and hustle off in a flash.
But our star, Allen, did a wonderful job. He managed to look perpetually cold on a snowy winter day, eat sloppily in a diner, and fall realistically when shoved around. If only he had remembered to turn on his lapel microphone.
The art teacher and the school carpenter had been dragged into the mix by Miss Fang, also. The carpenter made a sign for each store scene on our New York street, and the art teacher rigged up a window that dropped a giant crack when hit by Soapy's rock.
Barry (Cihan) holding American flag. |
Even the art department had challenges with my production. Barry, another of my students, worked with the art teacher on the staging, but he could not understand the entire concept. Barry only knew "play" as a verb, so he had to be convinced that we would not be "playing" a game on stage.
These super Chinese teens put forth a great effort, despite the
Classes averaged 50-60 students. |
In 2018 Allen, our Soapy, now in his early 30's and working for a Chinese corporation, came to Texas on business. He remembered his American "Spoken English" teacher at the Fuzhou Foreign Languages School who talked about Pennsylvania, her home. A few emails to old schoolmates, and Allen located me and made the trip up from Texas to visit in my home ...
Nearly two decades and half a world later,
Soapy showed up On Layton.
Allen, "Soapy," On Layton almost 2 decades later. |
... And he came with a message. He hadn't forgotten the "Soapy" of Fuzhou. Soapy, he said, had changed his life and given him the incentive he needed to develop courage, confidence, and personal strength to step out and speak up in his school and career. Allen knew if he could perform as the lead in a play, speaking a foreign language as a teen, he could do most anything with his life ... and he has.
An unexpected event brought success and hope to our main character.
New Years are like that. They can be the beginning of new grace and new hope.
A satisfying resolution worthy of O. Henry ...
and characteristic of our Sovereign God
who loves happy endings.
*Note to readers: My memory did not retain all of these details. During my year teaching in China, these specifics were related in emails to friends in the US. Those letters were my memory source. Other Chinese students have also come to visit On Layton. Miss Fang and I have visited several times since 2002 in China. Some of my Chinese colleagues continue to teach at Fuzhou Foreign Languages School.
*Regarding student names: With 50-60 students in a class, remembering Chinese names and pronouncing them correctly would have been a task worthy of Demosthenes. So every student chose an English name, usually of the American English strain. We had five Michael Jordans in one class, known as Jordan 1, 2, etc. We even had an Orange. Some students still use their English names.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Our maiden adventure was to the Great Smokey Mountains National Park. Signs for safety with bears were everywhere. Dad slept with an ax, locked the food in our car, and lay expectantly all night while bears snuffled around the campsite. That was camping trip #1.
Dad's specialty on the road - grilling hot dogs. |
Our Cross-America van. |
In a snow field. Glacier National Park, Montana. |
The boys and giant Sequoias. |
Lake Louise, British Columbia |
- Opryland and the Grand Ole Opry, Nashville, Tennessee
- Memphis, Tennessee
- Dallas, Texas
- Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas
- Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico
- Guadalope Mountains National Park, Texas
- El Paso, Texas
- Juarez and Nogales, Mexiso
- Silver City, New Mexico
- Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, New Mexico
- Tombstone, Arizona, National Historic site
- Saguaro National Monument, Tucson, Arizona
- Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Arizona
- Tonto National Monument, Arizona
- Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona
- Sedona, Arizona
- Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona
- Painted Desert National Park, Arizona
- Walnut Canyon National Monument, Arizona
- Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
- Sunset Crater National Monument, Arizona
- Hoover Dam, Arizona-Nevada
- Las Vegas, Nevada
- Mojave Desert and San Joaquin Valley, California
- Sequoia National Park, California
- Yosemite National Park, California
- San Francisco, California
- Napa Valley, Sonoma, Mendicino, California
- Redwood National Park, California
- Mount St. Helens National Monument, Washington
- Mount Rainier, Washington
- Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Glacier National Park, British Columbia, Canada
- Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada
- Lake Louise, British Columbia
- Calgary, Alberta
- Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, Montana-Canada
- Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
- Cody, Wyoming
- Custer State Park, Wyoming
- Mt. Rushmore National Monument, South Dakota
- Badlands National Park, South Dakota
- The Dells, Wisconsin
Monday, July 27, 2020
A Food Place, A Happy Place, An Escape Place,
A Garden
My grandmother's 70-year-old peonies on Layton. |
Fresh mulch is heaped around flower beds, tomato and zucchini plants are peeking from the oddest spaces, perennials and annuals are lush up and down the road. Is this any different from other years? The experts say, "Yes!"
One nursery grower reports that seed sales doubled this year, and tomato plants flew off shelves faster than toilet paper.* Mulch salesmen said they had never seen such a high demand. Customers were lined up to have bags and trailers filled. Yards and gardens look gorgeous everywhere.
John and Colette Hughes' Covid- escape flower garden. |
In 1917 the government asked the nation to plant War Gardens to free up food for our soldiers in World War 1. Americans responded whole-heartedly. And in World War 2, the government changed the name to Victory Gardens and asked the same gardening efforts of its people. In fact, Victory Gardens produced 40% of the nation's fruits and vegetables.*
Covid Gardens have sprouted from the needs of a different kind of war. They are not just food places although staying out of grocery stores and controlling the growth of our own food has wide appeal. Our Covid Gardens have become escape places, happy places, when the four walls of the living room begin to close in.
Several of my favorite gardeners on Layton have made their Covid Gardens virtual Edens.
Colette, lost in squash. |
My favorite part of their garden? The whimsical trellises John has constructed above the garden where his trained cucumbers climb and provide a shady, peaceful, Covid escape.
John and his beanstalk |
Keep in mind this is JUST a backyard garden, no acreage, no tractors, an ordinary Layton backyard. Weeding, watering, battling beetles and other critters who come to dine then freezing and canning their harvest dominate the weeks ahead for Colette and John, but they glean joy and personal satisfaction in sharing their bounty as well as a taste of summer throughout the winter.
John Hughes and his cuke trellis. |
About a quarter mile up Layton, Virginia Richardson tends an English garden. Like its Oxfordshire forbears, the garden incorporates her rolling lawn, groves of trees, and hundreds of flowers. The Richardson family has owned the land for over 80 years, so roots go deep around the house on Layton she shares with husband Reggie.
Day lilies in bloom. |
Virginia Richardson in her English garden. |
And the night before His Son was to die for the sins of all mankind, God led Jesus to a garden where they could commune. Gardens loom large in His story.
A garden is a microcosm of life: seeds give birth, seedlings soak up the water and sun as they put their roots down deep in the soil. They become fruit and flower bearers, and eventually they die. A picture of our lives.
Jesus' stories, designed to teach us about God and His kingdom, are often about seeds or soil. And when He wanted us to know how to live and walk with God daily, a garden provided the metaphor. The illustration of a vine and its branches (John 15) shows the vital importance of staying connected to God. Jesus said, "I am the true vine, and My Father is the Gardener" (John 15:1). We branches cannot live for God and His glory without abiding in Him, just as a branch takes its nourishment and strength from the vine to which it must be connected.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Choose to Face a Tragedy, a Pandemic, or a Rugby Match ... Like a Welshman
On the morning of October 21, 1966, the children of Aberfan, Wales, arrived at Pantglas Junior School and prepared for their opening song, "All Things Bright and Beautiful."
Within minutes, 116 of them and 5 of their teachers were dead.
Aberfan, Wales. Buried under 140,000 cubic yards of mining waste. |
When I heard the heartbreaking story of Aberfan for the first time this week, it left me saddened. Fifty-four years after the event, I grieved the loss of Welsh children, family somehow. For in 1966 I was a college freshman, immersed in surviving my first year and oblivious to the pain and sorrow of a village in my grandfather's home country, the country of my ancestors.
News of the disaster took half a century to reach me, thanks finally to the British drama The Crown on Netflix. Probably we've all watched more than our usual amount of television during this pandemic, and The Crown has been my television time-waster of choice as it appealed to my interest in all things British. The Aberfan episode gave substance and dignity to the drama.
In the film and in real life, Prince Philip attended the children's funeral. The following conversation was part of the fictional account in the movie. On his return to Buckingham Palace after the funeral, Queen Elizabeth asked him a question he considered inane. "Did you weep?" she asked.
Funeral for 81 of the 116 children killed in the Aberfan landslide, 1966. |
"It would have caused anyone with even a fraction of a heart to break into a thousand tiny pieces," he said. "There was anger on their faces, rage in their eyes, but they didn't have rallies or shout or curse or throw things."
"What did they do?" the Queen said.
"They sang."
Welshmen singing in the mines. |
"Singing is in my people as sight is in the eye," comments one character from the Oscar-winning Welsh mining movie How Green was My Valley.* Travel anywhere in the world today where there are Welsh people, and you will find a Welsh choir meeting regularly.
Blogger Ross Clarke notes of his Welsh heritage that in unfamiliar new surroundings the Welsh find solace and sociability in song. He writes, "I can't claim that all Welsh people can sing, but what I can say for sure is that all Welsh people are singers." *
Grandpa Jones wasn't just a singer. He could sing. I grew up with his powerful tenor in church and
Grandpa and Nana Jones sing at the piano on Layton Road. |
Born in North Wales, Grandpa John Owen Jones had been a coal miner. Making a bid for a better life for his wife Winnie and children Betty and Joe, my dad, Grandpa Jones immigrated to Canada and eventually to Blakely, Pennsylvania, a coal mining area with a large Welsh population. He ended up back in the coal mines at the Olyphant and Throop, PA, collieries and singing at every opportunity in churches, bars, or wherever two Welshmen were together.
My dad, Joe, inherited Grandpa's lead tenor. They would blend their distinctive voices on Sunday mornings. Dad joined the choir in every church he attended. He even sang a favorite old hymn, "Beyond the Sunset," at his own funeral, thanks to a prerecorded video.
Aberfan, Grandpa Jones, Dad ... the lesson of the Welsh is to sing ... in the face of trouble, in the throes of joy. Not pop culture songs. Not the "We are the World" variety. Not the "Over the Rainbow" type. But spiritual songs of meaning and depth. Songs that seek God for comfort and love. Songs acknowledging His awesomeness as Creator and Sustainer. Songs that reveal hearts of reliance on God in trouble and gratefulness to Him for all things.
At the Aberfan funeral, the Welsh villagers sang all stanzas (without books, print-outs, or overhead screens) of "Jesus, Lover of My Soul," a standard Welsh hymn for weddings, funerals, and sporting events, a hymn basic to their lives. Here are the first two verses:
* Information sources:
- *All of the above quotes are from Blogger Ross Clarke, BBC Travel, http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20180930-why-wales-is-known-as-the-land-of-song
- Wikipedia, "Aberfan Disaster"
- Listen to a Welsh male choir: https://www.walesonline.co.uk/lifestyle/fun-stuff/8-welsh-songs-achingly-beautiful-11693991